What is the difference between ISO 27001 and Common Criteria?

Information security is crucial for organizations operating in today's digital landscape. With cyber threats constantly evolving, it is imperative for businesses to implement robust security measures to protect their sensitive data. Two widely recognized frameworks for information security management are the ISO 27001 standard and the Common Criteria.

ISO 27001: Ensuring Information Security

ISO 27001 is an international standard that provides a systematic approach to managing information security within an organization. It offers a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS).

The ISO 27001 standard focuses on defining and implementing controls to mitigate risks and secure assets, such as confidential client information or intellectual property. It establishes a structured approach to identify vulnerabilities, assess risks, and apply effective controls to minimize potential threats.

Common Criteria: Evaluating IT Product Security

In contrast, Common Criteria is an international standard for evaluating the security functions of IT products. It defines a set of criteria for assessing the security capabilities and functionalities of software, hardware, or systems.

The Common Criteria certification process involves rigorous testing and evaluation to ensure that a product meets specific security requirements. This evaluation is carried out by independent third-party laboratories known as Common Criteria Evaluation Facilities (CCEFs), which assess the product against predefined security assurance levels.

Differences and Complementarity

Although both ISO 27001 and Common Criteria focus on aspects of information security, they differ in scope and purpose:

1. Scope: ISO 27001 primarily provides guidelines for establishing an ISMS, applicable to all types and sizes of organizations. On the other hand, Common Criteria concentrates on evaluating IT product security, including software, hardware, devices, and systems.

2. Objectives: ISO 27001 emphasizes risk assessment, management, and the implementation of controls at the organizational level. It focuses on establishing a robust framework for information security management. Common Criteria, however, concentrates on evaluating the security attributes of specific products, ensuring they meet defined criteria.

3. Implementation: ISO 27001 can be implemented by organizations to manage their overall information security posture. Common Criteria, on the other hand, is usually relevant for vendors or developers seeking to certify the security features of their IT products.

It is important to note that ISO 27001 and Common Criteria are not mutually exclusive; indeed, they can be complementary. Organizations implementing ISO 27001 can use Common Criteria-certified products to enhance their information security measures. Conversely, vendors with Common Criteria certifications can demonstrate their commitment to security best practices in accordance with ISO 27001.

In conclusion, ISO 27001 provides a comprehensive framework for managing information security within an organization, while Common Criteria ensures that IT products meet specified security requirements. By adopting both standards, organizations can establish a robust information security management system accompanied by certified and tested products, ultimately enhancing their overall security stance.